Multiscale Science for Tuning Interfaces at Nanoscale

Plasma-Material Interface (PMI) mixes materials of the two worlds, creating a dynamical surface, which is one of the most challenging areas of multidisciplinary science with many fundamental processes and synergies. The traditional trial-and-error approach to developing first-wall materials and component solutions for current and future fusion reactors is becoming prohibitively costly because of the increasing device size, curved toroidal geometry, access restrictions, and complex programmatic priorities. The experimentally validated atomistic theory and computation for studying the dynamics of the creation and evolution of the PMI under irradiation by heavy particles (atoms, molecules) at carbon, lithiated carbon and tungsten, as well as the emerging elastic and inelastic processes, in particular retention and sputtering chemistry, will be presented.  

NIH research initiatives have reduced the human DNA sequencing cost by more than 100,000 times. This research still requires development of fast, label-free and cheaper technologies, which can be massively produced and used. Particularly interesting is the prospect of the so-called physics-based third-generation methods, since these are intrinsically fast and can operate on a single DNA or protein polymer. Multiscale theory and computation, with predictive powers for localization, control, detection and recognition of biomolecules in nanofluidic environment, will be presented.